What is BSE

Bombay Stock Exchange was founded by Premchand Roychand in 1875.[12] While BSE Limited is now synonymous with Dalal Street, it was not always so. In the 1850s, five stock brokers gathered together under a Banyan tree in front of Mumbai Town Hall, where Horniman Circle is now situated.[13] A decade later, the brokers moved their location to under the banyan trees at the junction of Meadows Street and what was then called Esplanade Road, now Mahatma Gandhi Road. With a rapid increase in the number of brokers, they had to shift places repeatedly. At last, in 1874, the brokers found a permanent location, the one that they could call their own. The brokers group became an official organization known as “The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association” in 1875.[14]

On 12 March 1993, a car bomb exploded in the basement of the building during the 1993 Bombay bombings.[15] The BSE is also a Partner Exchange of the United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchange initiative, joining in September 2012.[16] BSE established India INX on 30 December 2016. India INX is the first international exchange of India.[17] BSE became the first stock exchange in the country to launch commodity derivatives contract in gold and silver in October 2018.[18]

BSE was demutualized and corporatized on 19 May 2007, pursuant to the BSE (Corporatization and Demutualization) Scheme, 2005 notified by SEBI.[19][20] It was listed on NSE on 3 February 2017.[21][22][a]

What is NSE

National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSEHindi: राष्ट्रीय शेअर बाजार) is one of the leading stock exchanges in India, based in Mumbai. NSE is under the ownership of various financial institutions such as banks and insurance companies.[3] It is the world’s largest derivatives exchange by number of contracts traded[a] and the third largest in cash equities by number of trades[b] for the calendar year 2022.[4] It is one of the largest stock exchanges in the world by market capitalization.[2] NSE’s flagship index, the NIFTY 50, a 50 stock index is used extensively by investors in India and around the world as a barometer of the Indian capital market. The NIFTY 50 index was launched in 1996 by NSE.[5]

The Economic Times estimates that as of April 2018, 6 crore (60 million) retail investors had invested their savings in stocks in India, either through direct purchases of equities or through mutual funds.[6] Earlier, the Bimal Jalan Committee report estimated that barely 3% of India’s population invested in the stock market, as compared to 27% in the United States and 10% in China.[7][8][9][10]